Hazus 99 estimated annualized earthquake losses for the. The fragility and the hazard curves are convolved either by closed form solution or numerical integration. The following sections describe the fragility curve derivation requirements. The model run using regionspecific soils, liquefaction, and structure fragility curves produced the most realistic damage estimate within 68 % of actual damages. Fragility curves fcs for building typologies, based on numerical analyses, to study the vulnerability and possible retrofitting. This report, hazus99 estimated annualized earthquake losses for the united states, helps to demonstrate that earthquakes, though they happen less frequently than floods or hurricanes, are at least as costly over time as these natural disaster events. For other regions these curves need to be reassessed for the existing building stock and. Pdf seismic fragility curve theory for highway bridges. Guidelines for deriving seismic fragility functions of elements.
Atc58 project, recently finished developed 600 fragility curves for the usa. Fragility curves are developed to assess the relative performance of various retrofit methods under both nearfault and farfield ground motions. Permission is granted to duplicate or print this work for educational purposes. Development of fragility curves for rc buildings using. Consistent with the fragility curves that account for the central angle explicitly, a second set of system fragility curves were introduced for cases when central angle is not specified such as the case in the national bridge inventory. Moreover, the earthquake threat is not only in california, nor only in the western u. Fragility curves of the steel frame subject to synthetic ground motions as a function of pga c.
Fragility curves for all seismic design levels of s3 building type. In accordance with the above definition, seismic fragility analysis can be regarded as a probabilistic measure for seismic performance assessment of structural components or systems. As per hazus mh mr5, hazus damage behaviour due to seismic activity include two fundamental components bifurcated as the capacity curves and the fragility curves. Another aspect of this study is a presentation of seismic fragility curves developed for skewed multispan simply supported steel girder bridges. Hazus and provide damage and loss functions compatible with current hazusmh software. Seismic fragility curves for structures using nonparametric. The excel spreadsheet shown here, as well as other software and. Fragility curves of existing rc buildings based on. Determination of structural fragility curves of buildings with hazus methodology for seismic risk assessment in the city of semnan, iran. Fragility curves free download as powerpoint presentation. The former are established by technical parameters as strength at its. May 20, 2015 in accordance with the above definition, seismic fragility analysis can be regarded as a probabilistic measure for seismic performance assessment of structural components or systems. This paper discusses the applicability of statistical inference concepts for fragility function estimation.
For the development of fragility curves guidelines given by the hazus technical manual have been used and. In new zealand, riskscape a multihazard risk assessment tool under joint development by gns and niwa, includes a building classification system similar to hazus, but for typical nz buildings king et al. Fragility curves have also been developed in the hazus methodology for numerous infrastructure assets. Damage probability matrices dpm are formed for two different seismic hazard levels. Selected fragility curves from the hazus mh4 framework kircher et al. From rapid visual survey to multihazard risk prioritisation and. Pdf determination of structural fragility curves of. Therefore, fragility curves can be used as a decisionmaking tool for both pre and postearthquake situations.
International users may download the hazus software, but not the u. Damage state descriptions for seismic fragility curves. The fragility curves indicate that for skew angles les than thirty degrees bridge fragility is not significantly affected. Citeseerx converting hazus capacity curves to seismic. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Converting hazus capacity curves to seismic hazard. The behavior is quantified by fragility curves that resulted from an analysis of the reported performance of over 400 tanks in nine separate earthquake events. It is a very clean transparent background image and its resolution is 850x999, please mark the image source when quoting it. Pfas is a software to perform parameterized fragility analysis where a set of generic fragility curves are constructed using parameterized structural response characteristics stiffness, strength and ductility and the response database rd. The hazus recommended building capacity curves and fragility curves are applicable to lowrise, mediumrise and intermediate highrise termed highrise in hazus buildings in the usa only. Seismic fragility curve theory for highway bridges. Further study about the influence of buried depths on the fragility of the tunnel was performed.
It is intended to be used in the capacity spectrum method. Efficient analytical fragility function fitting using dynamic structural analysis jack w. The hazus capacity curve remains plastic, without any. In the present study, a comparison of fragility curves based on the above mentioned approaches is presented. Fragility curves for assessing the risks of debris flow hazards, hazus compatible format jorge a. Nov 30, 2017 the fragility curves are established to provide a prediction of potential damage during an earthquake the fragility function is also directly used to reduce damage cost and loss of life during a seismic event. Though useful, this aggregation approach limits the generation of customizable curves for unique buildings that deviate from the standard hazus. This paper presents an improved fragility analysis methodology to estimate structural vulnerability for probabilistic seismic risk assessment. R uma gns science, avalon, lower hutt, new zealand. Towards fragility curves for analyses of earthquake risks. Fragility analysis of a selfanchored suspension bridge based.
Determination of structural fragility curves of buildings with hazus methodology for seismic risk assessment in the city of semnan, iran conference paper pdf available may 2015 with 1,727 reads. The ground motions were selected based on seismic station records. Generally, these methods should be applied using a signi. Fragility curves for assessing the resilience of electricity. The validation assessment revealed that hazus mh overpredicted observed damages by 68221 % depending on the model parameters employed. More detailed explanation on the fragility curves can be found in hazus manual. Methodology to derive damage statedependent fragility. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential seismic risks and losses of hospital buildings and their components in yazd county using gis and hazus. Citeseerx document details isaac councill, lee giles, pradeep teregowda. Seismic fragility curves for highrise masonry infilled.
Eeri estimation of fragility functions using dynamic structural analysis is an important step in a number of seismic assessment procedures. Three main features distinguish this study from previous efforts. Seismic damage evaluation of gravity load designed low rise rc. The hazus mh fragility curves were developed for suites of bridges using nonlinear static analysis based on the work. Department of homeland security federal emergency management agency. While hazus present a complete framework for assessing infrastructure risk, the majority of the relationships between. The fragility curves are established to provide a prediction of potential damage during an earthquake the fragility function is also directly used to reduce damage cost and loss of life during a seismic event. Fragility curves can be developed from either analytical or empirical methods based on source of the data and type of analysis. Pdf development of fragility curves for rc buildings. Fragility curve is an effective tool for vulnerability assessment of structural systems. The mean fragility curve is typically described by a lognormal distribution that is defined by the median capacity and the composite logarithmic standard deviation. The procedure of fragility curves design according to en1998, fema356, hazus manual and riskue is presented in this paper.
For the 3 intermediate scenarios, an average of 26 out of 214 bridges. During past earthquakes, underground structures have sustained significantly less damage than aboveground constructions. However, for other simply supported bridge classes concrete girder, slab, the proposed fragility curves suggest a lower vulnerability level than presented in hazus mh. Firstly, the updated fragility curves generated are based on experimental measurements and possess higher accuracy than those produced using design information only. The model run using regionspecific soils, liquefaction, and structure fragility curves produced the most realistic damage estimate within 68 %. Propagating fragility curve for rc buildings via hazus methodology. Comparing the analytical fragility curves with the empirical curves derived from american lifelines alliance ala and hazus shows that the proposed method is reliable and feasible. Which method of fragility curve development is appropriate for each lowdamage system. Using experimental data to reduce the singlebuilding. In this study, a comprehensive and simplifies stochastic methods are presented and the effect of damage threshold uncertainty on fragility functions is estimated.
Seismic risk assessment of three types of exterior beam. Baker3, and erdem karaca4 1 postdoctoral scholar, dept. Developing seismic fragility function of structures by. Hazus 99 was run, and expected bridge damage states for the six scenarios output and mapped. Emphasis is given to the influence of surrounding soil material properties because the dynamic behaviour of the tunnel mostly depends on it. Fragility function of structures is the major requirement of seismic loss estimation which is widely used in the seismic risk management. The seismic risk assessments for onethird scales of three different types of reinforced concrete rc beamcolumn joints using fragility curves under performance based earthquake engineering pbee are investigated. As part of these procedures, fragility curves are employed in order to estimate the damage of a building after various intensities of ground motion shaking 15. Fragility curves describes the probability of being in a specific damage state as a function of the size of an earthquake. For the development of fragility curves guidelines given by the hazus technical manual have been used and the performance of the two 10 storey reinforced concrete buildings have been evaluated and compared.
Analytical seismic fragility curves for typical bridges in. Sudret 1chair of risk, safety and uncertainty quanti cation, eth zurich, stefanofransciniplatz 5, 8093 zurich, switzerland. Analytical fragility functions for horizontally curved steel. Effect of hysteretic models hyeuk ryu1, nicolas luco2, jack w.
Development of fragility curves for rc buildings using hazus. Sustainability free fulltext seismic fragility analysis. D3 12 synerg fragility curves for all elements at risk20405. Fragility analysis of retrofitted multicolumn bridge bent. Descriptions for slight, moderate, extensive, and complete structural damage states for the 16 basic model building types are provided below. Analytical fragility curves for horizontally curved steel. Determination of structural fragility curves of buildings with hazus.
Fragility curves for assessing the risks of debris flow. Most likely, this may help to explain why, traditionally, tunnel designers, have the tendency to disregard the seismic. Hazus capacity curve each hazus building capacity curve is a plot of spectral displacement and acceleration converted from a static pushover curve of base shear versus displacement. The user manuals are designed to support model functionality, while the technical manuals provide detailed information about how the models work and how.
Chapter 5 direct physical damage general building stock. Improved fragility relationships for populations of. Efficient analytical fragility function fitting using dynamic. A comparison of the proposed fragility curves with those currently found in hazus mh shows a strong agreement for the multispan simply supported steel girder bridge class. Federal, state, and local government agencies and the private sector can download the latest version of hazus freeofcharge online by visiting the fema flood map service center msc.
However, even this rigorous database generates curves for only specific building types by aggregating the curves of their components e. In the methodology, hazus curvilinear capacity curves were used to define nonlinear dynamic sdof models. Evaluation of methods used to calculate seismic fragility. Using experimental data to reduce the singlebuilding sigma. The curves can be formed using one of three kinds of procedures. For fragility curves derivation, at first the ground motions and their representative intensity measure, wharf structure and seismic performance indicator of wharf should be determined. The validation assessment revealed that hazusmh overpredicted observed damages by 68221 % depending on the model parameters employed. A methodology was recently proposed for the development of hazardcompatible building fragility models using parameters of capacity curves and damage state thresholds from hazus karaca and luco, 2008. In this era where sustainability plays a key role, to design structures for resisting the earthquake in best probable manner is an inspiration for all designers. Seismic fragility curves for 1 and 2 stories rc buildings. Converting hazus capacity curves to seismic hazardcompatible.
The purpose of hazus and natural hazards loss estimation software in general is to quantify the human, property. Hazus current version uses default fragility curves for the usa. This paper presents a methodology to develop fragility curves for shallow tunnels so as to describe a relationship between seismic hazard and tunnel vulnerability. The implementation of hazusbased loss estimates within strisk has been verified. Citeseerx analytical seismic fragility curves for typical. Fragility curves for assessing the resilience of electricity networks. For estimating casualties, the descriptions of complete damage include the fraction of the total floor area of.
Hazus mh is the most recent evolution of a family of natural hazards loss estimation software whose development began in the early 1990s. What field data from recent new zealand earthquakes can. Analytical fragility functions for horizontally curved. Fragility curves as a tool for seismic risk analysis of civil. Direct physical damage general building stock 54 hazus mh technical manual each fragility curve is defined by a median value of the pesh demand parameter i. There are two different end products of seismic fragility analysis. Feb 14, 2014 this video describes a maximum likelihood fragility function fitting procedure that can be used with multiple stripe analysis data. A fragility curve is generally given as the conditional probability pd ji that a building exceeds a given damage state j for a given level of seismic input i. Fragility curves fragility curve is a useful tool for predicting earthquake risk of buildings with similar characteristics such as material, height and design code level 12. Propagating fragility curve for rc buildings via hazus. In the methodology, hazus curvilinear capacity curves were used to define nonlinear dynamic sdof models that were subjected to the nonlinear time history analysis instead of the. The structural response parameters are defined for the singledegree of. Comparison of mainshock and aftershock fragility curves. In this paper, structural fragility curves developed via hazus.
Hazus uses a systematic approach for probabilistic damage assessment of structures, 14. This introduces significant inaccuracies in the predicted vulnerabilities when fragility curves in hazus are used for curved bridges, 2 the underlying assumption in the development of fragility curves implemented in hazus was that the system fragility is governed by the columns, however, other bridge components have significant influence on. Sac fema method the fragility function represents the probability of exceedance of a selected engineering. Seismic fragility curves for ongrade steel tanks michael j. According to femanibs, the method used for loss estimation due to earthquake is commonly known as hazus. Hazus fragility curves as well as with those from other studies are undertaken. Prieto, murray journeay and malaika ulmi nrcan, gsc, quantifying geohazards risks group, vancouver. In this paper, the deterministic nonlinear behavior and capacity of the structures is obtained from nonlinear pushover analysis. Fragility curves that reflects real type of buildings in british columbia and canada have to be developed. Seismic fragility curves for structures using nonparametric representations c. The outputs of hazus analysis include identifying damage functions or fragility curves for building specific deficiencies. Fragility curves have also been developed in the hazus methodology for numerous infrastructure assets including electrical substations and generation facilities but these are limited to earthquake hazard only hazus 2015b, c. This paper focuses on the development of fragility curve using analytical method. The hazus methodology fema, 2003b provides fragility curves for several classes of buildings and damage levels.
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